feat: resilient thumbnail loading with backoff retries

Backend generates thumbnails on-demand via Celery, so the first request
often 404s while the worker runs. Auto-retry with 1.5s/3.5s/6s backoff,
manual retry fallback, and proper timer cleanup so fast-scrolling a
virtualized timeline doesn't setState on unmounted components.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

frontend/src/components/timeline/PhotoThumbnail.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
-import { useState, useEffect } from 'react'
+import { useState, useEffect, useCallback, useRef } from 'react'
-import { Star, Check, X } from 'lucide-react'
+import { Star, Check, X, RefreshCw } from 'lucide-react'
 import clsx from 'clsx'
+import { photos as photosApi } from '../../services/api'
+
+// Auto-retry schedule (ms). Backend generates thumbs on-demand via Celery, so
+// first hit often 404s. Try a few times with backoff before giving up.
+const AUTO_RETRY_DELAYS = [1500, 3500, 6000]
 
 interface Photo {
   id: string
@@ -26,28 +31,70 @@ interface PhotoThumbnailProps {
 export function PhotoThumbnail({ photo, size, isSelected, onClick }: PhotoThumbnailProps) {
   const [imageError, setImageError] = useState(false)
   const [imageLoaded, setImageLoaded] = useState(false)
+  const [retryCount, setRetryCount] = useState(0)
+  const [isRetrying, setIsRetrying] = useState(false)
+  const retryTimerRef = useRef<number | null>(null)
 
-  // Generate thumbnail URL - assuming backend serves thumbnails at /api/photos/{id}/thumbnail
+  // Cache-bust on retry so the browser actually re-requests instead of
-  const thumbnailUrl = `http://localhost:8001/api/v1/photos/${photo.id}/thumb/medium`
+  // serving the cached 404.
+  const baseUrl = photosApi.getThumbnailUrl(photo.id, 'medium')
+  const thumbnailUrl = retryCount > 0 ? `${baseUrl}?retry=${retryCount}` : baseUrl
 
   // Calculate aspect ratio for proper sizing (default to 1:1 if dimensions unknown)
   const aspectRatio = (photo.height && photo.width) ? photo.height / photo.width : 1
   const displayHeight = size * Math.min(aspectRatio, 1.5) // Cap height at 1.5x width
 
+  const clearRetryTimer = () => {
+    if (retryTimerRef.current !== null) {
+      window.clearTimeout(retryTimerRef.current)
+      retryTimerRef.current = null
+    }
+  }
+
   const handleImageLoad = () => {
     setImageLoaded(true)
+    setIsRetrying(false)
   }
 
   const handleImageError = () => {
+    // Schedule next auto-retry if attempts remain.
+    const nextDelay = AUTO_RETRY_DELAYS[retryCount]
+    if (nextDelay !== undefined) {
+      setIsRetrying(true)
+      clearRetryTimer()
+      retryTimerRef.current = window.setTimeout(() => {
+        retryTimerRef.current = null
+        setRetryCount(prev => prev + 1)
+      }, nextDelay)
+    } else {
       setImageError(true)
+      setIsRetrying(false)
+    }
   }
 
-  // Reset state when photo changes
+  const handleManualRetry = useCallback((e: React.MouseEvent) => {
-  useEffect(() => {
+    e.stopPropagation() // Prevent selection when clicking retry
+    clearRetryTimer()
+    setRetryCount(prev => prev + 1)
     setImageError(false)
     setImageLoaded(false)
+    setIsRetrying(true)
+  }, [])
+
+  // Reset state when photo changes (component is reused across rows when virtualized)
+  useEffect(() => {
+    clearRetryTimer()
+    setImageError(false)
+    setImageLoaded(false)
+    setRetryCount(0)
+    setIsRetrying(false)
   }, [photo.id])
 
+  // Clear pending timer on unmount to avoid setState-after-unmount.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    return () => clearRetryTimer()
+  }, [])
+  
   return (
     <div
       className={clsx(
@@ -65,6 +112,7 @@ export function PhotoThumbnail({ photo, size, isSelected, onClick }: PhotoThumbn
     >
       {/* Thumbnail Image */}
       {!imageError ? (
+        <>
           <img
             src={thumbnailUrl}
             alt={photo.filename}
@@ -76,11 +124,34 @@ export function PhotoThumbnail({ photo, size, isSelected, onClick }: PhotoThumbn
             onError={handleImageError}
             loading="lazy"
           />
+          {/* Loading indicator */}
+          {!imageLoaded && (
+            <div className="absolute inset-0 flex items-center justify-center bg-surface">
+              <div className="text-text-muted">
+                {isRetrying ? (
+                  <div className="text-center">
+                    <RefreshCw className="h-5 w-5 animate-spin mx-auto mb-1" />
+                    <div className="text-xs">Retrying...</div>
+                  </div>
+                ) : (
+                  <div className="h-8 w-8 border-2 border-primary/30 border-t-primary rounded-full animate-spin" />
+                )}
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          )}
+        </>
       ) : (
         <div className="flex h-full w-full items-center justify-center bg-surface text-text-muted">
           <div className="text-center text-xs">
+            <button
+              onClick={handleManualRetry}
+              className="p-2 hover:bg-surface-light rounded transition-colors"
+              title="Retry loading thumbnail"
+            >
+              <RefreshCw className="h-5 w-5 mb-1" />
+            </button>
             <div>Unable to load</div>
-            <div className="mt-1 font-mono text-[10px]">{photo.filename}</div>
+            <div className="mt-1 font-mono text-[10px] px-2 break-all">{photo.filename}</div>
           </div>
         </div>
       )}